Recently, NPs loaded with photosensitizer (PS) and PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies or small molecule ICIs were used to efficiently eradicate local and abscopal tumors, inhibit lung metastasis, and offer long-term immune memory responses to prevent cancer recurrence in a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) murine model 81. Here, PDCD1 is linked to cancer.