This included several key cytokines important for immune responses against TB such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-10, GM-CSF (CSF2) and TNF, which all showed a positive correlation with the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in TB patients (Figure 2A right panel), in contrast to a negative correlation in LTBI (Figure 2A left panel). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is tuberculosis.