Both TLR and IL-1R family members drive MyD88-dependent inflammation, and TLR7 is a MyD88-dependent endosomal TLR that has been shown to be of critical importance in several autoimmune diseases (9–11), most notably Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) or lupus (12). This evidence concerns the gene MYD88 and autoimmune disease.