IL6 and Encephalopathy: Previous studies have reported that during influenza virus infection there is an increase in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, and TNF-α, in the CSF of patients who present neurological alterations such as acute encephalitis and encephalopathy (134, 135).