Comparison of variables with statistical differences between the two groups of patients: There were significant differences in creatinine, lactate, procalcitonin (PCT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and SOFA scores after ICU admission between the septic AKI group and the non-septic AKI group (P = 0.032, P = 0.002, P = 0.001, P = 0.005, P = 0.001) (Table 2). Here, NPPB is linked to acute kidney injury.