On the other hand, 10 immune-related hub genes for AP, namely, SOSC3, ITGAM, CAMP, FPR1, IL1R1, TLR2, S100A8/9, HK3 and MMP9, were identified in patients with different severity levels of AP compared to a common set of healthy donors, and these dysregulated expression levels were validated in various tissues from an AP experimental model. This evidence concerns the gene CAMP and alkaline phosphatase measurement.