However, the positive rates of 4.1% in yaks, 23.8% in cows and 8.0% in cattle in rBAG1-IgM were found, suggesting the possibility of elevated IgM antibody levels due to vertical infection or sexual transmission in these animal populations cannot be ruled out (Montoya and Remington, 2008; Lopes et al., 2013; Paquet et al., 2013; Beder and Esenkaya Taşbent, 2020). This evidence concerns the gene CD40LG and infection.