TNF and Insulin resistance: Insulin resistance ↓, fasting insulin levels ↓, and HOMA-IR ↓. CRP ↓, TNF-α↓, and IL-6 ↓. SCFAs content ↑, restored intestinal mucosal layer thickness, and intestinal barrier function ↑. Relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136 ↑, Lachnospiraceae-UCG-006 ↑, Roseburia ↑, Prevotella9 ↑, Blautia ↑, Ruminiclostridium-9 ↑, Eubacterium xylanophilum ↑, Anaerotruncus ↑, Oscillibacter ↑, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 ↓, Escherichia-Shigella ↓, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group ↓, and Akkermansia ↓.