In this study, as in previous epidemiological studies, non-insulin-based fasting IR indicators, known as surrogates, were used to identify IR levels, including the triglyceride glucose (TyG), TyG with body mass index (TyG-BMI), the ratio of triglycerides divided by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) (5–8). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.