These findings build upon the findings of cross-sectional research which has shown lower physical fitness to be associated with increased composite cardiovascular disease risk scores (including blood pressure, waist circumference, triglyceride, LDL-c and blood glucose concentration) (3, 5) and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) in children and adolescents (4). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.