STAT3 and Sepsis: Previous studies proposed that STAT3 pathway activation was associated with the development of muscle atrophy in various endogenous diseases including sepsis (Zanders et al., 2022), cancer (Bonetto et al., 2011; Silva et al., 2015; Rupert et al., 2021), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Lin et al., 2021), myocardial failure (Janssen et al., 2005), chronic kidney diseases (Zhang et al., 2013), and degenerative muscle disease (Wada et al., 2017; Liang et al., 2018).