GSEA using a curated gene set representing miR-455-5p-predicted target genes (n = 349, Additional file 3: Data File 3; see Methods) revealed a positive enrichment (FDR < 0.05) of miR-455-5p targets in high PD-L1 chemoresistant NSCLC (Additional file 12: Fig. S8A). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.