Elevated SDF‐1 expression in the conditioned medium following pre-treatment with bFGF and 5-aza,could increase C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR‐4) on the surface of MenSCs that can lead to efficacious migration of stem cells to the site of infarction and/or ischemic myocardium [36]. Here, CXCL12 is linked to infarction.