MTOR and cancer: Specifically, it has been demonstrated that NUCB2 contributes to cancer metastasis and a number of related processes, including EMT [12, 13], endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress [34], and cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome [35], through regulation of the LKB1/AMPK/TORC1/ZEB1 and Akt/mTOR pathways.