STAT3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In 2021, a different group achieved corresponding results with cucurbitacin IIb in NSCLC research, namely acting as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and CuIIb, inducing apoptosis via the STAT3 pathway and causing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest through the suppression of the EGFR/MAPK pathway [79].