Although miR-150 is linked with HF in humans [33] and its correlative relationship with β1AR/β-arrestin protective signaling is shown [14], our studies using a novel mouse model and unbiased genome-wide profiling analyses directly establish in vivo functional relationship between β1AR/β-arrestin signaling and miR-150 in chronic catecholamine-induced HF, as well as discover the underlying mechanisms by which miR-150 suppresses myocardium apoptosis and is controlled in CMs. The gene discussed is ADRB1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.