CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors have promising antitumour effects, and their value in neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy has been proven in resectable IB-IIIA NSCLC, with substantial improvement in pathological response [6–8].