We identified five hub genes -- insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), periostin (POSTN), matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7), asporin (ASPN) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-14 (CXCL14) -- that regulate PF progression. Here, IGF1 is linked to pemphigus foliaceus.