KRAS and colorectal carcinoma: The top three signaling pathways being altered in our CRC cohort were Wnt/β-catenin signaling (APC, TCF7L2, AMER1, RNF43), genome integrity (TP53, ATR), and mitogen-activated protein kinase – MAPK signaling (KRAS, NF1) with the mutation frequency of 85.3%, 83.3% and 55.9% respectively (Figure 3A).