TNF and COVID-19: The results of RNA-sequencing analysis show that several inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF, CXCL8, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL10, CXCL11, and NF-κB were upregulated, which is consistent with the clinically observed phenomenon in COVID-19 patients (Huang et al., 2020; Wilk et al., 2020).