Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1; CD31) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1; CD54) are adhesion molecules found on the surface of activated endothelium as well as on some immune cells including monocytes and their expression is upregulated in experimental AP (141). This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and alkaline phosphatase measurement.