PDGFRA and familial pancreatic carcinoma: MUC1-C associates with HIF-α and promotes its translocation onto the nucleus, resulting in the increased production and secretion of PDGFA, which interacts with the receptor PDGFR-α signaling through PDGFR-α has an additive effect on β-catenin translocation, enhancing MUC1-C induced proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells [12].