IRF8 and Alzheimer disease: Besides the laboratory tests mentioned above, there are other assay might facilitate MSMD diagnosis, such as detection of IFN-γ autoantibodies by using an ELISA system, observation of IFN-γ level recovery after the addition of exogenous IFN-γ to patient serum (113–115), detection of respiratory burst defects for MSMD patients with CYBB deficiencies (33), and assessment of CD11c+CD1c+ blood myeloid dendritic cells for patients with partial AD IRF8 deficiency (31).