Our results demonstrate increased levels of TNF-α and MCP-1/CCL2 in patients that evolved with either mild dengue or warning signs and severe dengue syndromes, while higher levels of IFN-ɣ, RANTES/CCL5 and IL-1β were observed only in plasma from patients presenting warning signs and severe dengue (Figures 4A-E). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and dengue disease.