Distinct immune signatures, such as CD8+PD-1+ T cells, CD8+ effector memory (CD8+CD45RA−CD45RO+CCR7−) T cells, activated CD4+ T cells (CD4+CD38+HLA-DR+), and NK cells (CD16+CD56+CD38+HLA-DR+) showed the treatment response and immune-related adverse events in melanoma patients in ICI therapy (33). The gene discussed is CD38; the disease is melanoma.