Although there are no reports of randomized controlled trials of TKI combined with PD-1 inhibitors compared with TKI monotherapy as the first-line treatment for HCC, in retrospective studies, numerous studies have revealed that the combined treatment of OS and PFS is significantly better than TKI monotherapy (Li et al., 2022; Wu et al., 2022). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.