There are several components correlated with the maintenance of an immunosuppressive environment, including some molecules like TGF-β, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and adenosine (Wei et al., 2022), and several immunosuppressive cells, including Tregs, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) (Zhu et al., 2022). The gene discussed is EGF; the disease is cancer.