TNF and Alzheimer disease: In addition, Resveratrol packaged with selenium nanomaterials (TGN-Res@SeNPs) reversed the alterations of Firmicutes in AD, increasing Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, etc (Li et al., 2021); after treatment, levels of neurotransmitters such as glutamate and GABA recovered in the hippocampus of mice, increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), CAT, GSH-Px, and IL-10 levels in mouse brain tissue and decreased MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α (Li et al., 2021).