Although the predictive value of PD-L1 expression, a classical efficacy prediction marker for ICIs, has been extensively evaluated in many tumour types (Reck et al., 2019; Paz-Ares et al., 2020), its predictive value for patients with HCC treated with ICIs remains unexplored (Macek Jilkova et al., 2019). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.