In addition, a study on asthenozoospermia population indicated that differentially expressed miRNAs in seminal plasma samples between patients with asthenospermia and healthy men were significantly associated with PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway (Liang et al., 2022), which were consistent with our findings. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is Reduced sperm motility.