INS and polycystic ovary syndrome: The main advantages of the current study are as follows: 1) It is based on two large study cohorts from a real screening environment, including women with PCOS and IR; 2) to exclude the interference of gender, we chose women as participants; 3) To investigate the relationship between GPHB5 and blood glucose and insulin, we conducted several intervention experiments, including the EHC; 4) Three drugs were used to treat patients with PCOS, and the changes in various indexes and GPHB5 levels were compared before and after treatment.