Our study showed that THBS1 was significantly upregulated in both NSCLC patients after radiotherapy and irradiated H460 cells, and that NSCLC patients with high THBS1 expression generally had a poor survival prognosis, with the potential to predict radioresistance and prognosis in NSCLC patients after radiotherapy. Here, THBS1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.