ALB and neoplasm: As shown in Tables 1, 2, 3, 4, nine possible influencing factors with a P-value < 0.1 were introduced into the multivariate logistic regression model, including the preoperative SpO2 (P = 0.008), distant tumor metastasis (P = 0.003), surgical approach (P = 0.001), chief surgeon (P = 0.052), duration of surgery ≥ 3 h (P = 0.05), blood loss ≥ 100 mL (P = 0.019), perioperative surgical events (P = 0.001), postoperative albumin infusion (P = 0.002), and postoperative early ambulation (P = 0.001).