WFS1-associated Wolfram syndrome type 1 (WS1) is defined as a rare autosomal neurodegenerative recessive progressive disease and is also known as DIDMOAD, characterized by diabetes insipidus (DI), childhood onset diabetes mellitus (DM), optic atrophy (OA), and deafness (D)16. Here, WFS1 is linked to hereditary optic atrophy.