The data showed a higher level (i.e., change in IFNγ+ T cell number by ≥ 50% comparing to control cells) of WHV-specific T cell activation in 3/8 woodchucks with CH (animals CH-2/M, CH-3/M, and CH-5/M) after treatment with anti-PD-1 and in one (CH-1/M) after exposure to anti-PD-L1 (Figure 5A). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and cyclic hematopoiesis.