TNF and COVID-19: Consequently, the high concentrations of some pro-inflammatory factors were highlighted as pathogenic factors in COVID-19: interleukin 6 (IL-6) [10]; IL-10 [11], IL-1 [12], IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 [13]; IL-7, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon-gamma (INF-γ) and IFN-β [11]; colony-stimulating factors (CSF) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP1α) [10]; MIP-1B [6].