They also showed that the plCSA-BNPs enhanced cancer cell apoptosis, inhibited cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, upregulated BCL2-associated X protein BAX and cleaved caspase-3 levels while downregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9, and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) levels. This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and cancer.