CAV1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), when mutations in the last 21 amino acids of Cav-1 are replaced with a novel 22-amino-acid sequence (Rathinasabapathy et al., 2020), an inflammatory challenge [low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] leads to metabolic deficiencies and mild pulmonary hypertension in mouse models.