In contrast, in patients who initiated insulin during the same period (n = 20, age 53.4 ± 12.3; M/F, 10/10; diabetes duration 10.7 ± 7.2), the HbA1C improved significantly after insulin treatment (9.40 ± 1.90 % to 8.20 ± 1.30 %, p = 0.01), but was accompanied with increased body weight (72.8 ± 14.2 to 75.6 ± 14.0, p = 0.02). Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.