The above findings suggest TGF-β1 siRNA may constitute a sensitizer of αPDL1 in the case of entrapment in siTGF-β1-αPDL1-NPs, indicating that the enhanced anti-tumor effect of siTGF-β1-αPDL1-NPs in TGF-β1 + MFC mouse is mediated by targeted delivery. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.