TGFB1 and neoplasm: Moreover, in a mouse model recapitulating the immune-excluded phenotype, these authors demonstrated combined treatment with TGF-β1-blockers and anti- programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies suppresses the TGF-β1 pathway in stromal cells and promotes T cell infiltration into tumors, converting the immune-excluded phenotype to the inflamed phenotype, with the overall result of potent antitumor immunity and tumor shrinkage [17].