Moreover, the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria showed a negative association with obesity-related parameters such as blood lipids and weight gain, whereas Acidobacteria, Deferribacters, Proteobacteria Euryarchaeota, and Bacteroidetes exerted positive relationships with circulating IL-6 and ALT levels, contributing to hepatic injury and inflammation. Here, IL6 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.