In a recent study that explored colon mucosa and tumor-associated microbiomes by comparing age-matched wild-type F344 rats and Apc-mutated Pirc rats, Vitali et al. reported that the colon tumor tissue-associated microbiome was enriched for Bifidobacteriaceae, suggesting a relationship between bacteria in this family and the tumor environment [63]. The gene discussed is APC; the disease is digestive system cancer.