FOLH1 and prostate carcinoma: To validate the specificity of active-targeting PGNPs, GNPs conjugated with mouse IgG (passive-targeting) and anti-PSMA IgG (active-targeting) were used for treatment on prostate cancer cell lines (including LNCaP, PC-3, and 22Rv1) and normal prostate endothelial cell lines (RWPE-1).