TNF and immune system disorder: A replication of recently identified probiotics supplementation reduced inflammation, where a microencapsulated probiotic combination of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici was found to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), which may lead to immune disorders, inflammation and the destruction of the membrane barrier [41].