For our exposures of interest, mothers with a GDM pregnancy had higher mean HOMA-IR (5.0 ± 4.5; P < 0.0001), leptin (73.8 ± 34.3; P < 0.0001), fasting glucose (118.23 ± 65.26; p = 0.0008), and fasting insulin scores (17.1 ± 11.8; P < 0.0001), whereas mothers with a non-GDM pregnancy had a higher HDL-C score (68.2 ± 13.0; P < 0.0001). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.