TNF and COVID-19: COVID-19 patients were observed to have elevations in traditional biochemical markers of acute infection, such as C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as lymphopenia, probably due to T cell redistribution to the lungs, exhaustion, or depletion through TNF-α-mediated apoptosis (Figure 8) [58,59,60].