IGHE and allergic disease: Non-IgE-mediated allergies involve antigen-specific T cells, cytokines, mast cells and eosinophils but not IgE production, leading to tissue inflammation, e.g., food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), food-protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) and food-protein enteropathy (FPE), which mainly develop in infants, rarely in adults [19].