NT5E and Zinc deficiency: Zinc deficiency leads to elevating ATP and ADP levels and reducing adenosine levels in all cells due to extracellular adenine-nucleotide hydrolysis suppression in addition to causing a decrease in the activity of four major ectoenzymes (ENPP1, ENPP3, NT5E/CD73, and TNAP involved in the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP to adenosine through ADP and AMP).