TNF and cancer: However, over time it has been shown that TNF-α may also have a stimulatory effect on the survival and motility of many different types of cancer cells, including EC cells, and act as an endogenous promoter of carcinogenesis, which is probably due to the complex role of two TNF-α specific receptors, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A) and CD120a, and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B (TNFRSF1B) and CD120b [7,8,9].