TP53 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In terms of clinical treatment, Roth et al., in 1996, used a sub-bronchial direct injection of wild-type p53 recombinant retrovirus suspension to treat nine patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who failed the conventional treatment; in three cases, the tumor volume decreased significantly after the treatment, and in another three cases, the tumor stopped growing [6].